Cách viết lại câu tiếng Anh đều có quy tắc và cấu trúc, đòi hỏi người học cần nắm chắc để viết lại câu mà không làm thay đổi ý nghĩa.
Dưới đây là tổng hợp các cấu trúc viết lại câu tiếng Anh thông dụng nhất kèm bài tập.
Viết lại câu sử dụng các từ, cụm từ chỉ nguyên nhân (bởi vì)
Since, As, Because + S + V + … ⇔ Because of, Due to, As a result of + Noun/ V-ing
Chuyển đổi câu có các từ, cụm từ chỉ sự trái ngược (mặc dù)
Although/Though/Even though + S + V + … ⇔ Despite/ In spite of + Noun/ V-ing
Viết lại câu sử dụng cấu trúc so that và such that (quá … đến nổi mà) đi với tính từ/danh từ
S + be/ V + so + Adj/ Adv. + that … ⇔ It + be + such + Noun + that
Cấu trúc too to (không thể) dùng thay thế với cấu trúc enough
S (to be) + V + too + Adj. + to V ⇔ tobe not + Adj. + enough + to V
Cấu trúc so that và such that (quá .. đến mức) dùng thay thế với cấu trúc too to (quá … đến mức không thể)
so + Adj. + that hoặc such + noun + that ⇔ too + Adj. (for somebody) + to V
Viết lại câu với cấu trúc find something adj
To V + be + Adj./Noun ⇔ S + find + it + Adj./Noun + to V
Viết lại câu điều kiện tương đương
| Câu gốc | Câu viết lại | Ví dụ |
| mệnh đề 1 + so + mệnh đề 2 | If + mệnh đề 1, mệnh đề 2 | Janet didn’t bring her raincoat, so she got wet. ↔ If Janet had brought her raincoat, she wouldn’t have got wet |
| mệnh đề 1 + because + mệnh đề 2 | If + mệnh đề 2, mệnh đề 1 | I can’t go out because I don’t have money ↔ If I had money, I could go out |
Chuyển đổi câu If not sang unless
If … not ⇔ Unless …
Lưu ý: Không được thay đổi loại câu điều kiện, chỉ được thay đổi nghĩa phủ định hay nghi vấn của nó
Viết lại câu với thì hiện tại hoàn thành sang thì quá khứ đơn (dùng chủ ngữ giả ‘it’)
S + have/has + V3/-ed ⇔ It has been + [thời gian] + since + S + V2/-ed + …
Chuyển đổi câu điều ước
| Cấu trúc | Ví dụ | |
| Câu ước ở tương lai | wish + someone + would + bare infinitive | She won’t come back here. ↔ I wish she would come back here. (Tôi ước chi cô ấy sẽ quay lại đây) |
| Câu ước ở hiện tại | wish + someone + V2/-ed | I don’t have lots of money. ↔ I wish I could have lots of money. (Tôi ước gì tôi có hật nhiều tiền) |
| Câu ước ở quá khứ | wish + someone + had + V3/-ed | I didn’t say that I love him. ↔ I wish I had said that I loved him. (Tôi ước gì mình có thể nói rằng tôi yêu anh ấy) |
Viết lại câu có thì hiện tại hoàn thành phủ định sang thì quá khứ đơn (cấu trúc the last time, cấu trúc when)
S + have/has + NOT + V3/-ed + since/for … ⇔ S + last + V2/-ed + when + S + V/ ⇔ The last time + S + V + was …
Chuyển câu ở thì quá khứ đơn sang thì hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn
S + V2/-ed + … ⇔ S + have/has + been + V-ing + since/for + …
Câu tường thuật dạng bị động:
| Câu chủ động | Câu bị động | Ví dụ |
| People say + S + V + … | It be said that + S + V | People say that he drinks a lot of wine.↔ It is said that he drinks a lot of wine. |
| S + be said to + V hoặc to have V3/-ed | People say that he drinks a lot of wine.↔ He is said to drink a lot of wine. |
Viết lại câu với cấu trúc it takes time (dành/tốn thời gian làm gì)
S + V + … + [thời gian] ⇔ It takes/took + someone + [thời gian] + to V
Chuyển đổi dùng cấu trúc it was not until … that (mãi cho tới khi)
S + didn’t + V (bare) + …. until … ⇔ It was not until + … + that + …
Viết lại câu so sánh:
Chuyển đổi câu so sánh hơn thành so sánh nhất và ngược lại:
Chuyển đổi câu so sánh bằng thành so sánh hơn và ngược lại:
Chuyển cấu trúc started/began sang thì hiện tại hoàn thành
S + began/ started + V-ing/to V + [thời gian] ago ⇔ S + have/has + V3/-ed hoặc been + V-ing + since/for …
Cách viết lại câu với cấu trúc This is the first time
This is the first time + S + have/has + V3/-ed ⇔ S + have/has + never (not) + V3/-ed + before
Cấu trúc It’s time/ it’s high time/ it’s about time
S + should/ought to/had better + V … ⇔ It’s (high/about) time + S + V2/-ed …
Viết lại câu đề nghị tương đồng: cấu trúc suggest that, let’s,…
Shall we + V
⇔ Let’s + V
⇔ How/What about + V-ing
⇔ Why don’t we + V
⇔ S + suggest + that + S + present subjunctive
⇔ In my opinion
Sử dụng cấu trúc hardly when và no sooner than
Hardly + had + S + V3/-ed when + S + V3/-ed ⇔ No sooner + had + S + V3/-ed than + S + V3/-ed
Dùng cấu trúc Supposed to V
It’s one’s duty to do something ⇔ S + be + supposed to do something
Sử dụng cấu trúc prefer và would rather
S + prefer + doing st to doing st ⇔ S + would rather + do st than do st
Sử dụng cấu trúc would prefer và would rather
S + would prefer + sb + to V ⇔ S + would rather + sb + V2/-ed
Cấu trúc so that/ in order that (trong trường hợp chủ từ ở 2 câu là khác nhau)
S + V + so that/ in order that + S + V ⇔ S + V + (for O) + to infinitive
To be + not worth + V-ing ⇔ There + be + no point in + V-ing
Sử dụng cấu trúc cảm thán How và What
S + be/V + adj/adv ⇔ How + adj/adv + S + be/V
S + be + adj ⇔ What + a/an + adj + N
Cấu trúc it is necessary that:
Need to V ⇔ to be necessary (for sb) + to V
Not… anymore ⇔ No longer + đảo ngữ/ S + no more + V
Sử dụng cấu trúc used to tương đương với cấu trúc accustomed to
S + be accustomed to + V-ing/N ⇔ S + be used to + V-ing/N
Dùng to infinitive thay thế cho cấu trúc because
S + V + because + S + V ⇔ S + V + to V
Bài tập viết lại câu không thay đổi nghĩa
1. My mother used to play volleyball when she was young.
=> My mother doesn’t…………………………………….
2. “Let’s go fishing”.
=> She suggests…………………………………… …
3. Mike gave me a dress on my birthday.
=> I was……………………………………….. ……………
4. “Would you like orange juice?”
=> He………………………………………… ……………
5. I last saw Jenny when I was in Ha Noi City.
=> I haven’t seen……………………………………….
6. I got lost because I didn’t have a map.
=> If I had………………………………………..….
7. It is a four-hour drive from Nam Dinh to Ha Noi.
=> It takes……………………………………… ……
8. I think the owner of the car is abroad.
=> The owner………………………………………
9. It’s a pity him didn’t tell me about this.
=> I wish………………………………………. ……………
10. You couldn’t go swimming because of the rain heavily.
=> The rain was too………………………………………..
11. I can’t go to work on time because it rains so heavily => ………………………………………
12. I often played kite flying when I was a child => ………………………………………
13. We discuss about environmental change issues => ………………………………………
14. It appears that it is raining => ……………………………………..
15. She has an interest in practicing aerobics in her free time => ……………………………………..
16. Police asked him to identify the other man in the next room => …………………………………………………………………………….
17. She always speaks no care => ………………………………………………………….
18. She has learned English for 5 years => …………………………………………………………….
19. He speaks so soft that we can’t hear anything => …………………………………….
20. Because she is absent from school => …………………………………………………
21. It was an interesting film => …………………………………………………………….
22. I don’t think she loves me => ……………………………………………………
Viết lại câu nghĩa không đổi nâng cao
1. In his recent article, Bob Lee pointed out all the faults in the government’s new transport policy.
In his recent artilce, Bob Lee was…………………
2. The company have been reviewing their recruitment policy for the last three months.
The company’s …………………
3. I’m absolutely sure he took the money on purpose.
He couldn’t possibly…………………
4. He delayed writing his book until he had done a lot of research.
Only after…………………
5. They declaired war on the pretext of defending their territorial rights.
The excuse…………………
6. I feel that I don’t fit with the people in the new office.
I feel like…………………
7. Skysrapers in the USA are on average taller than anywhere else in the world.
The average …………………
8. We were very impressed by the new cinema but found it rather expensive.
Impressed…………………
9. It’s more than a fortnight snice anyone saw Julian.
Julian…………………
10. The deadline for the receipt of complete application forms is 3.00 p.m on Friday, 18th December.
Complete application …………………
Rewrite the following sentences that keep the same meaning
1. I regret spending so much money.
I wish I ________________________________________________
2. What’s the height of the mountain?
How _________________________________________________
3. I don’t feel as tired after a train journey as I do after a car journey.
I feel more ___________________________________________
4. Cars are faster than buses.
Buses _______________________________________
5. He turned off the light, then he went out.
Turning __________________________________________
6. Theatre program usually have lots of information.
There ________________________________________
7. He has been collecting stamps for five years.
He started ________________________________________________
8. More newspapers are being sold in this city.
People are __________________________________________________
9. They were giving their son some presents when we came.
Their son _______________________________________________
10. He spends two hours a week sorting out stamps.
Sorting out ____________________________________________
Rewrite the following sentences that keep the same meaning
1. My mother bought me a nice blouse.
A nice blouse ___________________________________________
2. They say that the company is in difficulty.
The company ___________________________________________
3. You can get suntan by sunbathing.
If you _____________________________________________
4. “Would you mind waiting for a few minutes ?”
We __________________________________________________
5. “Where’s the best place to buy souvenirs ?”
I asked her ___________________________________
6. You won’t lose weight if you don’t stop eating much.
Unless you ____________________________________
7. To know English is necessary.
It is ______________________________________________
8. May Day is considered to be the day of the working class.
Everyone _______________________________________
9. In Stratford upon – Avon we saw Shakespeare’s birthplace.
We saw the house ___________________________________
10. There are far more heavy lorries on the road than there used to be.
There didn’t __________________________________________
